University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI)

Overview

The overall goal of the Biobehavioral Medicine in Oncology Program is to contribute to a reduced risk of cancer development, earlier detection of cancer, improved cancer treatment response, reduced symptom burden, and enhanced survival through a better understanding of the impact of the mind and brain in cancer. Program investigators conduct basic, preclinical, clinical, and translational research examining mind/brain effects across the cancer continuum, including studies of cancer development, progression, detection, treatment, and survivorship. Behavioral pathways linking mind/brain and cancer (e.g., smoking, screening behavior, treatment adherence) as well as biological pathways (e.g. stress-induced changes in neuroendocrine responses, DNA repair, immune function) are under active investigation by program researchers. An emerging area of interest in the program is the inter-relationship between such behavioral and biological pathways (e.g., the effects of stress on risk behaviors).

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In addition to conducting interdisciplinary studies of the impact of the mind/brain on cancer, program investigators are also exploring the reciprocal effects of cancer and cancer treatments (e.g., surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) on the mind/brain. These efforts include studies of nausea, pain, fatigue, emotional distress, and cognitive functioning in patients and survivors, as well as preclinical investigations of underlying mechanisms. Investigations of interactions between psychological and biological influences on cancer- and treatment-related symptoms are an emerging area of interest for the program. Consistent with the goals of the Biobehavioral Medicine and Oncology Program, translational research to explore novel intervention strategies to reduce the burden of cancer and treatment-related symptoms is a growing priority for researchers in the program.

Emerging priorities in the program include the investigation of underlying genetic influences on mind/brain processes involved in the cancer continuum, as well as the investigation of broader community and societal influences. A cross-cutting theme of the program is a dedication to a transdisciplinary perspective that includes an appreciation of the methods and findings of basic science researchers, public health researchers, and clinical researchers, as well as the insights of clinical care providers and the patients themselves.